![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.chenyang.net\/wp-content\/upload\/2010\/01\/The_Steerage_1907_Stieglitz_small.jpg\" "\\"The_Steerage_1907_Stieglitz_small\\"")
<\/a>\nThe Steerage, 1907, Alfred Stieglitz
\n\uff08\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u672c\u4eba\u6700\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff09 <\/em><\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u4f4d\u651d\u5f71\u5e2b\uff0c\u6211\u7576\u7136\u662f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u63a5\u7d0dStieglitz\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u662fPennell\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5c24\u5176\u7368\u5230\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u73fe\u4eca\u651d\u5f71\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u73fe\u8c61\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4e0a\u6211\u4e0d\u8d0a\u540cPennell\u95dc\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u975e\u7f8e\u8853\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f9e\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53d7\u76ca\u3002 \u9019\u5b78\u671f\u5728\u4e0a20\u4e16\u7d00\u651d\u5f71\u53f2\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u95b1\u8b80\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u737b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u59a8\u5c07\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc3\u5f97\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u5beb\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u5c0d\u8b80\u8005\u6709\u6240\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002 \u201c\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u7f8e\u8853\u4e4b\u4e00\u55ce\uff1f\u201d \u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u85dd\u8853\u5b78\u9662\u90fd\u6709\u651d\u5f71\u7cfb\u6216\u8005\u651d\u5f71\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u540c\u5b78\u7ad9\u5728\u53cd\u5c0d\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u3002\u53ef\u898b\u651d\u5f71\u4f5c\u70ba\u7f8e\u8853\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u5171\u8b58\u3002 \u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5708\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u7565\u77e5\u9053\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u65b0\u805e\u5b78\u9662\u9084\u662f\u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u9662\u958b\u8a2d\u7684\u651d\u5f71\u5c08\u696d\u90fd\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6c11\u773e\u5c0d\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9084\u662f\u5728\u7d00\u5ff5\u7167\u548c\u6c99\u9f8d\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u5c64\u9762\uff1b\u800c\u651d\u5f71\u611b\u597d\u8005\u5728\u62cd\u651d\u7cd6\u6c34\u7247\u548c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u6587\u651d\u5f71\u201d\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u4e4b\u85dd\u8853\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u5728\u6162\u6162\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u572819\u4e16\u7d00\u4e0b\u534a\u8449\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u5c0d\u65bc\u5c1a\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u671f\u7684\u651d\u5f71\u9084\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u8981\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u662f\u731b\u70c8\u7684\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u4e0b\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u7f8e\u8853\u6027\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d14\u7cb9\u5b78\u8853\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u793e\u6703\u6027\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002 \u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6211\u95b1\u8b80\u4e86\u5169\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4e0a\u3002\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662fJoseph Pennell\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u201cIs Photography Among the Fine Arts?\uff08\u651d\u5f71\u5217\u65bc\u7f8e\u8853\u4e4b\u4e2d\u55ce\uff1f\uff09\u201d\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u662fAlfred Stieglitz\u6240\u64b0\u7684\u201cPictorial Photography\uff08\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\uff09\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u7bc7\u5beb\u65bc1897\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u662f1899\u5e74\uff0c\u6240\u5e78\u767e\u9918\u5e74\u4f86\u82f1\u8a9e\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5c11\u6578\u8a5e\u532f\uff0c\u7e3d\u9ad4\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\uff08\u60f3\u5230\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u767d\u8a71\u6587\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u7c21\u5316\u5b57\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u8b80\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u666e\u904d\u4e4b\u56f0\u96e3\u4e86\uff0c\u6b4e\u6b4e\uff01\uff09 Joseph Pennell\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u88fd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8755\u523b\u65bc\u77f3\u5370\u5de5\u85dd\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u4f4d\u63d2\u5716\u756b\u5bb6\uff08illustrator\uff09\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u5927\u5927\u5730\u60f1\u6012\uff0c\u5f9e\u884c\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u4e26\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ad6\u64da\u662f\u5f9e\u5169\u6b21\u651d\u5f71\u5c55\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u96dc\u5fd7\u5c0d\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\u5f97\u4f86\u3002 Alfred Stieglitz\uff08\u65af\u8482\u683c\u5229\u8328\uff09\uff0c\u5c0d\u651d\u5f71\u7565\u6709\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5c31\u61c9\u7576\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\u4ed6\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u651d\u5f71\u5927\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u754c\u7684\u9818\u8896\u3002\u8207Pennell\u5c0d\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u4e00\u77e5\u534a\u89e3\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cStieglitz\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u57fa\u65bc\u5176\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u53cd\u61c9\u4e86\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u5728\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c0d\u651d\u5f71\u6280\u8853\u53ca\u5de5\u85dd\u4e26\u85dd\u8853\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002 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\n\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5148\u5217\u8209\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a
\n1\u3001\u5c0d\u65bc\u7f8e\u8853\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9
\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u7f8e\u8853\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002Pennell\u6240\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u4ee5\u4e00\u751f\u4f86\u5f9e\u4e8b\u85dd\u8853\u5275\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5c31\u4f5c\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5927\u5e2b\u7684\u5b78\u5f92\uff0c\u5728\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u5e2b\u5085\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u88ab\u85dd\u8853\u8a55\u8ad6\u754c\u6240\u63a5\u7d0d\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\uff08\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5728\u5176\u751f\u524d\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u63a5\u7d0d\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u8853\u61c9\u7576\u662f\u88ab\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u6240\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u800c\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5225\u7684\u884c\u696d\uff0c\u201c\u534a\u8def\u51fa\u5bb6\u201d\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u800c\uff08\u7576\u6642\u7684\uff09\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u6025\u65bc\u5ba3\u7a31\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bcPennell\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u53ef\u7b11\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u4e43\u662f\u88ab\u85dd\u8853\u8a55\u8ad6\u754c\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5ba3\u7a31\u7684\u3002
\nStieglitz\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u800c\u975e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5404\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u624b\u6bb5\u6709\u96e3\u6709\u6613\uff0c\u5beb\u4f5c\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e26\u4e0d\u59a8\u7919\u5beb\u4f5c\u7a31\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u8868\u9054\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u651d\u5f71\u5de5\u85dd\u6bd4\u7e6a\u756b\u6280\u8853\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u651d\u5f71\u4e0d\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u3002\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u662f\u5426\u662f\u8077\u696d\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u662f\u5426\u71b1\u611b\u85dd\u8853\u3002
\n2\u3001\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u5275\u4f5c
\nPennell\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u6a5f\u5668\u88fd\u9020\u7684\u5716\u7247\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u611f\u89ba\u7684\u93e1\u982d\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u771f\u6b63\u8a18\u9304\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4e0d\u52a0\u5340\u5206\u5730\u8a18\u9304\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5149\u5f71\uff0c\u6703\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u7121\u671b\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u8166\u548c\u7528\u624b\u5275\u4f5c\u3002
\nStieglitz\u5f15\u7528\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6P.H. Emerson\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7528\u624b\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u7528\u8166\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u5728\u8868\u9054\u7684\u662f\u5fc3\u4e2d\u9042\u65bc\u62cd\u651d\u4e4b\u5834\u666f\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6a5f\u68b0\u3002
\n3\u3001\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u539f\u5275\u6027
\nPennell\u8a8d\u70ba\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u8a66\u5716\u53bb\u6a21\u4eff\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u95dc\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u6307\u7e6a\u756b\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u651d\u5f71\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u3002
\nStieglitz\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5169\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u9054\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u8a6e\u91cb\u6703\u5168\u7136\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u9251\u91d1\u5de5\u85dd\uff08platinum\uff09\u548c\u6a39\u81a0\u5de5\u85dd\uff08gum process\uff09\uff08\u7576\u5e74\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u651d\u5f71\u5de5\u85dd\uff09\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u70ba\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u500b\u6027\u8868\u9054\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u3002
\n4\u3001\u651d\u5f71\u7d66\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc
\n\u5728Pennell\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u76ca\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u7121\u975e\u662f\u6975\u5927\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5de5\u85dd\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u7e2e\u77ed\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u6a19\u51c6\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u651d\u5f71\u8853\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff01\u5982\u679c\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\u904b\u7528\u5728\u6578\u78bc\u651d\u5f71\u548c\u81a0\u7247\u651d\u5f71\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u591a\u9ebc\u5730\u76f8\u50cf\uff01\uff09
\nStieglitz\u5247\u5805\u6301\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u8853\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u3002\u95dc\u9375\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u5e36\u7d66\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u651d\u5f71\u69cb\u5716\u3001\u6697\u623f\u5de5\u85dd\u7b49\u9032\u884c\u85dd\u8853\u8868\u9054\u3002
\n5\u3001\u95dc\u65bc\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71
\n\u5728Pennell\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u5e2b\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u628a\u5716\u7247\u8b8a\u6210\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u7167\u7247\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002
\n\u800cStieglitz\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u8b93\u651d\u5f71\u7a31\u70ba\u975e\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u651d\u5f71\u3002
\n\u95dc\u65bc\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u7e8c\u8ff0\u3002
\n6\u3001\u95dc\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u8a8d\u540c
\nPennell\u8a8d\u70ba\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u651d\u5f71\u3002Royal Photographic Society\uff08\u7687\u5bb6\u651d\u5f71\u5b78\u6703\uff09\u8b93\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u4f86\u8a55\u8ad6\u651d\u5f71\u5c55\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8b93\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u4f86\u8a55\u8ad6\u6280\u8853\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u651d\u5f71\u4e0d\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u3002
\nStieglitz\u5247\u5217\u8209\u4e86\u4e8b\u5be6\u8aaa\u660e\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6bcf\u500b\u85dd\u8853\u4e2d\u5fc3\u90fd\u5728\u5c55\u51fa\u651d\u5f71\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u79c1\u4eba\u6536\u85cf\u6a5f\u69cb\u8cfc\u8cb7\u651d\u5f71\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u50f9\u503c\u3002
\n\u7d9c\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516d\u9ede\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u5169\u4eba\u8fe5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u5011\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u662f\u5728\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\nPennell\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u651d\u5f71\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u6a5f\u68b0\u6027\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u8981\u5c07\u651d\u5f71\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u8272\u8abf\u548c\u5de5\u85dd\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u6027\u53cd\u61c9\u51fa\u7684\u756b\u610f\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u800c\u4f5c\u70ba\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\uff0cStieglitz\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u651d\u5f71\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ac7\u5230\u5728\u5f8c\u671f\u7684\u5de5\u85dd\u88fd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u662fPennell\u6240\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8a71\u5176\u5be6\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u65bc\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u7d14\u651d\u5f71\u6240\u5805\u6301\u7684\u651d\u5f71\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002
\n\u81f3\u65bc\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u6211\u57fa\u672c\u540c\u610fStieglitz\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u601d\u8003\u548c\u518d\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u5de5\u85dd\u548c\u5a92\u4ecb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002
\n\u7576\u7136Pennell\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u503c\u5f97\u501f\u9452\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u95dc\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u5de5\u85dd\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u5f97\u85dd\u8853\u8b8a\u5f97\u5ec9\u50f9\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u500b\u722d\u8ad6\u5728\u6578\u78bc\u651d\u5f71\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u6578\u78bc\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u5f97\u651d\u5f71\u8b8a\u5f97\u5ec9\u50f9\uff0c\u6578\u78bc\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u5426\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u651d\u5f71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u722d\u8ad6\u4e5f\u6301\u7e8c\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6578\u78bc\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u7372\u5f97\u597d\u7684\u7167\u7247\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7d66\u5f8c\u671f\u7684\u88fd\u4f5c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u5f88\u60f3\u7576\u5e74\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u5c0d\u65bc\u8755\u523b\u8853\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002Pennell\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u6578\u78bc\u651d\u5f71\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3002
\n\u5f9e\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u62cd\u7167\u800c\u4e0d\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u6240\u5e38\u5e38\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7576\u6211\u5011\u63a5\u53d7\u651d\u5f71\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u651d\u5f71\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u3002\u5728\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u601d\u8003\u7684\u6a5f\u68b0\u6027\u5730\u5fa9\u5236\u5f71\u50cf\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u85dd\u8853\u610f\u7fa9\u4e86\uff08\u7576\u7136\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ba3\u7a31\u4e0d\u601d\u8003\u7684\u62cd\u651d\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u7576\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u8a71\u4e86\uff09\u3002
\n\u6700\u5f8c\u8ac7\u4e00\u8ac7\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u3002
\nStieglitz\u662f\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u9818\u8896\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u662f\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u7db1\u9818\u6027\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u5f9e\u4eca\u5929\u770b\u4f86\uff0cStieglitz\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u7576\u7136\u662f\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u3002\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u62b5\u6297\u5c0d\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u8cb6\u4f4e\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff08movement\uff09\uff0c\u800cStieglitz\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u8981\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u201c\u756b\u610f\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u6a21\u4eff\u4f86\u78ba\u7acb\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u98a8\u683c\u5728\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u8981\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u201c\u6297\u722d\u201d\u3002\u7576\u6642\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u65e2\u7136\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6a21\u4eff\uff0c\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u201c\u756b\u610f\u201d\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u8981\u9ede\uff0c\u95dc\u9375\u4e43\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u7684\u6297\u722d\u3002
\n\u9019\u6a23\u770b\u4f86\uff0cPennell\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u7406\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u8981\u628a\u651d\u5f71\u4f5c\u54c1\u8b8a\u6210\u4e0d\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u651d\u5f71\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u81ea\u4fe1\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u7576\u7136\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u6b64\u7684\u89ba\u9192\u767c\u751f\u5728Ansel Adams\u548cf\/64\u5c0f\u7d44\u7684\u201c\u7d14\u651d\u5f71(pure photography)\u201d\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u662f\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e86\u3002\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u7d14\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u6297\u722d\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u4e2d\u95a3\u6a13\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u602a\u7576\u5e74\u90a3\u4e9b\u651d\u5f71\u5bb6\uff0c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u600e\u9ebc\u5c0d\u65bc\u651d\u5f71\u90a3\u9ebc\u6c92\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4eca\u5c0d\u651d\u5f71\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002
\n\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u9019\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u6297\u722d\u4f5c\u7528\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u5b58\uff0c\u5f9e\u98a8\u683c\u4e0a\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e5f\u518d\u4e0d\u662f\u651d\u5f71\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u8303\u7587\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u548c\u6578\u78bc\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u878d\u5165\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u4e9b\u5805\u6301\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7a7a\u9593\u3002
\n\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u65b0\u756b\u610f\u651d\u5f71\uff1a\u59da\u7490\u201c\u4e2d\u570b\u666f\u89c0\u201d\u300b<\/a>\u3002
\n\uff08\u672c\u6587\u539f\u767c\u201c\u843d\u6953\u5c45\u00b7\u9673\u967d\u6587\u5b58\u201d\uff0c\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.chenyang.net\/?p=676\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"